Everything about Mehmed Vi totally explained
Mehmed VI (
Turkish:
Mehmed Vahideddin or
Mehmet Vahdettin) (
January 14 1861 –
May 16 1926) was the 36th and last
Sultan of the
Ottoman Empire, reigning from
1918–
1922. The brother of
Mehmed V, he succeeded to the throne as the eldest male member of the House of Osman after the 1916 suicide of
Abdülaziz's son Yusuf Izzettin, the heir to the throne. He was girded with the
Sword of Osman on
July 4, 1918, as the thirty-sixth
padishah.
The
First World War had been a disaster for the Ottoman Empire. British forces had occupied
Baghdad and
Jerusalem during the war and most of the Empire was to be divided among the European allies. At the
San Remo conference of April
1920, the
French had been given a mandate over
Syria and the
British had been given one over
Palestine and
Mesopotamia. On
August 10, 1920, Mehmed's representatives signed the
Treaty of Sèvres, which recognized the mandates, removed Ottoman control over
Anatolia and
İzmir, severely reduced the extent of
Turkey, and recognized
Hejaz as an independent state.
Turkish nationalists were angered by the Sultan's acceptance of the settlement. A new government, the
Turkish Grand National Assembly, under the leadership of
Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) had been formed on April 23, 1920, in
Ankara. The government of Mehmed VI was denounced and a temporary constitution was drafted.
The nationalists' successes meant that the sultanate was abolished on
November 1,
1922, and Mehmed left
Istanbul, aboard the
British warship Malaya on
November 17. Bound for exile to
Malta, Mehmed later lived in the
Italian Riviera.
On
November 19, 1922 Mehmed's first cousin and heir Abdülmecid Efendi was elected
Caliph, becoming the new head of the dynasty as
Abdülmecid II before the
Caliphate was abolished in 1924. Mehmed died on
May 16 1926 in
Sanremo,
Italy, and was buried at the mosque of Sultan
Selim I in
Damascus.
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